Tool and workpiece temperatures, torque, traverse force and stresses on the tools are affected by friction stir welding (FSW) variables such as plate thickness, welding speed, tool rotational speed, shoulder and pin diameters, pin length and tool …
Given the complexity and resource requirements of numerical models of friction stir welding (FSW), well-tested analytical models of materials flow, peak temperatures, torque, and weld properties are needed. Here an approximate analytical technique …